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सामाजिक परिवर्तन, संस्थागत पुनर्गठन और आधुनिक चेतना का प्रसार—20वीं सदी में मारवाड़ रियासत को आकार देने वाले सामाजिक इतिहास के कुछ पहलुओं में यह दिखाई दिया। मदरसों और धार्मिक शिक्षा के अलावा, आधुनिक स्कूलों, माध्यमिक शिक्षा, कॉलेजों तथा व्यावसायिक–तकनीकी शिक्षा जैसे गैर-परंपरागत शैक्षिक मार्गों में भी विस्तार किया गया। प्राथमिक शिक्षा का विस्तार 1923 में हुआ, जबकि मारवाड़ मिडिल स्कूल की परीक्षा 1925 से शुरू की गई। 1935–36 में पाठ्यक्रम में कृषि, बढ़ईगीरी, टेलरिंग कला, स्वास्थ्य-संरक्षण और निःस्वार्थ सेवा जैसे व्यावहारिक विषयों को शामिल किया गया। चिकित्सा क्षेत्र में भी बदलाव हुए और 1904 तक कार्यरत 24 अस्पताल तथा 8 औषधालय थे। 1932 में विंधम अस्पताल, 1936 में स्वास्थ्य विभाग और 1938 में उमेद महिला अस्पताल जैसी संस्थाओं ने आधुनिक जागरूकता तो पैदा की, लेकिन वे ग्रामीण और निर्धन समूहों तथा महिलाओं को सहायता उपलब्ध कराने में विफल रहीं।
मूर्तिकला इतिहास को जानने का महत्वपूर्ण पुरातात्विक स्रोत है, मूर्तिकला न केवल अतीत के गौरव को प्रतिबिम्बित करने वाला दर्पण है, अपितु धार्मिक व सांस्कृतिक प्रगति के मापदण्ड तथा समकालीन लौकिक जन-जीवन की तस्वीर प्रकट करते हैं। इस शोध पत्र में मैंने समकालीन लौकिक जीवन की एक झांकी प्रस्तुत करने हेतु मंदिर अलंकरण हेतु सतबीस देवरी मंदिर परिसर में मंडोवर तथा सभामण्डप के बाह्य भाग में नारी अलंकरण में विविध अप्सराओं का अंकन किया गया है। जिसमें मातृत्व के प्रतीक हेतु पुत्रवल्लभा, संगीत तथा नृत्य के प्रतीक हेतु सारंगवादिनी, वीणावादिनी, शहनाईवादिनी,श्रृंगारप्रियता हेतु दर्पणा, आलस्य सुन्दरी, हंसावली, पशुप्रेम हेतु शुकसारिका, वानर को भगाती हुई अप्सरा आदि का अंकन किया गया है। इन प्रतिमाओं से हमें तत्कालीन सामाजिक स्थिति तथा नारी की स्थिति का आंकलन करने में सहायता मिलती है।
This study examines the schooling experiences of children based on their rural or urban residency, including educational resources, learning environments, and academic achievement. Method: A descriptive survey research design was used with a sample of 100 school-based children selected from the population through simple random sampling (50 rural students and 50 Urban). The study employed a standardized questionnaire and students´ academic records on data collection. The variables examined in this study focused on classroom infrastructure, availability of learning resources and assistance from teachers; technological facilities and support from parents. Mean, Standard Deviation and independent samples t-test were used for data analysis to find significant differences between the two groups. Results show that urban students have effectively greater access to educational resources, technological support and adequate learning environments, while rural students encounter infrastructural barriers hindering effective education. The research emphasizes the need for rural–urban specific educational policies to mitigate the existing rural–urban gap and ensure equitable access to quality education, which is imperative for sustainable expansion of education system.Abstract not available
The RTI (Right to Information) Act introduced in 2005, is one of the most significant legislations ever made by Indian Parliament with intent to empower citizens and ensure transparency and accountability in governance through participation It allows for citizens to request information held by public authorities such as the Central Government, State Governments, and entities established under the Constitution or any law made within a state. Through its RTI initiative, it has not only reduced corruption and increased administrative efficiency but also enforced greater public participation in decision-making and delivery of services. It explores the obligations of public authorities under RTI Act, 2005 and evaluates its impact on governance in India. The paper discusses the implementation challenges: delays in information supply, low awareness, misuse of exemption and lack of administrative buy-in. This research paper aims to examine the Right to Information an Obligation of Public Authorities in India and it uses secondary data for analysis.Abstract not available
Fingerprint has been long considered one of the most reliable types of forensic evidence used for identification in criminal investigations. Fingerprints are unique and permanent, making them useful in determining a suspect's identity and linking individuals to crime scenes. Fingerprint evidence has been accepted as a significant kind of expert evidence by Indian courts. Yet, questions regarding the scientific integrity of human fingerprint examination methods as well as issues related to human error, technology and procedural safeguards continue to warrant interest from the academic community and courts. This paper explores the legal regime surrounding fingerprint evidence in India. It finds that fingerprint evidence is still very persuasive, but the evidentiary value of fingerprints depends on proper collection, preservation, scientific examination and expert interpretation.bstract not available
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we face as a global community; it has far-reaching implications for both human rights and environmental sustainability. In India, it has become a significant constitutional issue demanding the scrutiny of environmental governance according to justice and equity. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and a Fundamental Duties enshrined in the Indian Constitution provide directions for protecting the environment. Judiciary has defined Article 21 to include the right for a clean and healthy environment by raising environmental protection with the sanctity of right to life and personal liberty. Articles 14, 19, 48A and 51A(g) strongly advocate for environmental justice & equitable responsibility. Since the Rio Declaration, the UNFCCC, the Kyoto Protocol and, more recently, the Paris Agreement have reinforced themes of fairness in climate action and sustainable development. This study adopts a doctrinal methodology to investigate the evolution of environmental justice in Indian constitutional jurisprudence. It brings note of the pathbreaking M.K. Ranjitsinh v. Union of India (2024) which said, among other things, that right to protection against the deleterious effects of climate change is a fundamental right. Abstract not available
The new discipline of Victimology is more modern scientific study of victims, victimization and the relationship between victims and offenders. It was established as an integral field of criminology in the twentieth century, examining offenders' interactions with victims and their experiences of crime. Specifically, victimology is the scientific study of why some people become targeted individuals and how victimization occurs (Mazerolle). Victim logging: Key theories Victim Precipitation Theory Lifestyle Theory Routine Activity Theory Deviant Place Theory Critical Victimology The purpose of this paper is to categories and discuss the most notable theories of victimology and their implications in understanding the reasons for, and trends amongst victims within society.Abstract not available
Modern internal combustion engines (ICEs) are widely used in transport vehicles, marine, industrial and power generation applications. It is well known that less than a third of the thermal energy input of fuel is transformed into mechanical power, almost 60–70% is wasted as heat through exhaust and cooling systems. This work considers the possibility of utilizing high temperature exhausts, which usually can range from 400°C up to 900°C by modern WHR systems. Experimental investigations and CFD analysis were carried out for different systems such as Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs), Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) and combined topping-bottoming cycles. According to results, thermal utilization efficiencies of about 33% were reached by well-designed multi-compartment heat exchangers at peak load conditions. A combined system of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with secondary mechanical recovery achieved improvements in brake thermal efficiency by 0.89% and reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 5.28g/kWh. This paper presents the thermodynamic, economic and environmental benefits of exhaust waste heat recovery systems.Abstract not available
Precision manufacturing in the aerospace, automotive and medical sectors relies on milling to put the finishing touches on high-performance components. Yet the very nature of the operation is a problem: the cutting tool’s edge engages with the workpiece in an aggressive fashion, prompting mechanical, thermal and chemical changes that can leave the finished hardware quite different from what was intended. In this paper we set out to examine the two sides of processed boundaries. On one hand there's surface topography in the form of roughness, lay and spatial patterns; on the other, subsurface metallurgical shifts like residual stress, plastic deformation and variations in microhardness. Through a combination of experimental diagnostics, physics-based characterization and analytical modeling, we show how such things as tool wear, geometry, feed per tooth and cutting speed will modulate the topography. We also make the case for linking macroscopic finish to mechanical properties-fatigue limit and wear among them-in order to provide a sound basis for optimizing both process and structural integrity at the same time.Abstract not available
Acid attacks are a thing that happens to women and girls in India. This kind of violence affects them in several ways, it hurts them physically, mentally socially and effects them financially. These attacks usually happen when women say no to men who want to marry them or when there are problems at home or when men want to get at them. Even though there are laws to control the sale of acid these attacks still happen to women and girls in India. The main reason for this study is to look at what happens in acid attacks why acid attacks happen and how acid attacks affect women in India. We used information from the National Crime Records Bureau to see how many acid attacks happen to women in India. Abstract not available
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is very beneficial for the structural and chemical sectors for joining stainless steels because of its enhanced quality and controlled heat input. Welded structural joints rely on the optimization of GTAW process parameters. The present work studies the comparative optimization behavior of GTAW joints made with austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) and ferritic stainless steel (AISI 430). The influence of filler metal type, welding current, Arc Voltage, Shielding Gas flow rate, and heat input on tensile strength, microhardness, and resistance to pitting corrosion was studied using the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array method. In order to determine critical process parameters, ANOVA and regression analysis were used. Microstructure characterization was done using optical and scanning electron microscopes to study the grain structure and phase morphology in the weld. The corrosion resistance and mechanical response of a weld are determined by the composition of the filler metal more than the welding parameters. The improved behavior of the welds using similar parameters for different configurations is discussed.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most powerful technologies influencing modern economies and the job market. In India, AI is being increasingly used in areas like information technology, banking, manufacturing, healthcare, and retail, changing the way work is done and the kinds of jobs available. AI systems can do many routine and repetitive tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, which may lead to fewer jobs for people with low skills or those in clerical roles. This has raised worries about job loss, unemployment, and a growing divide between skilled and unskilled workers. However, the growth of AI is also creating new job opportunities in areas such as data analysis, machine learning, robotics, and managing AI systems. These fields require advanced technical and digital skills, which is driving changes in education, training, and skill development programs in India. The effect of AI on employment is not just about losing jobs but also about changing the nature of work and creating new kinds of jobs. This study looks at how AI is impacting employment in India by examining changes in job structures, the skills needed, and how different sectors are employing people. The study also wants to explore both the benefits and challenges of adopting AI and highlight the importance of government policies, skill development programs, and education reforms to help the workforce adapt to technological changes and take advantage of the digital transformation of the economy.
The importance of ethical leadership in influencing corporate governance is establishing the ways in which firms are managed and controlled in an efficient and ethical manner. This paper analyzes the relationship that exists between ethical leadership and corporate governance, focusing on the principles of ethical leadership and how they positively impact industrial recognition, increase worker satisfaction and engagement, and promote stakeholder trust.
In current times, innovation has become an essential emphasis in modern education systems, which are adapting to fast technological changes, globalization, and growing socio-economic circumstances. This study compares the National Education Policy of India (NEP) 2020 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) innovation frameworks to examine how both address pedagogical reform, curriculum design, assessment, teacher empowerment, and technology integration.
Skin diseases pose a major health problem to the world population necessitating proper and timely diagnostic modalities to improve patient care and clinical outcomes. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Vision Transformers (ViT) and InceptionV3 for multiclass skin disease image classification across 22 different dermatological conditions. Empirical evidence shows that Vision Transformers consistently achieve higher overall accuracy and class-specific discriminative performance than InceptionV3.
Even seemingly simple choices, like what to watch on Netflix or placing a food order online, can become surprisingly difficult in the age of abundant digital technology. This study examines how decision fatigue is amplified by the overwhelming number of options in digital interfaces, especially for everyday micro-decisions. Grounded in ego depletion theory and the paradox of choice paradigm, the research investigates whether exposure to high-choice environments induces measurable cognitive depletion.
Spiritual intelligence is an important concept for understanding human functioning that extends beyond cognitive and emotional abilities. The capacity of spiritual intelligence is defined as finding meaning, purpose, and values in human life. This systematic review analyzes the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI), job satisfaction, and life satisfaction among secondary school teachers, drawing on peer-reviewed studies from 2010 to 2025.
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Affirmative action is also known as protective discrimination in India, a constitutional device which attempts to redeem historical injustices and ensures that there is substantive equality among the socially and educationally marginalized community.
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Archive Statistics
Publication Metrics
Total Articles: 28
Total Volumes: 2
Total Issues: 7
Publication Years: 2025, 2026
Research Coverage
Multidisciplinary research spanning multiple academic fields and domains.
Latest Volume: 2
Latest Year: 2026
Access Information
Open Access: Yes
Peer Review: Double-blind
Download Format: PDF
Citation Format: Multiple formats available